Australia has reported its first mammal death from avian influenza, with a deceased Australian sea lion testing positive for the H5N1 virus. The discovery follows mass die-offs of elephant seal pups on the Heard and McDonald Islands, where avian flu was suspected as the cause. Outbreaks have also been recorded in bird species along Australia’s southern coast, including crested terns and little penguins. Scientists are concerned about potential mass mortality events across the country, as the virus has devastated animal populations globally. Australia was the last continent to be impacted by H5N1, raising concerns for its unique wildlife. The government has launched a “Noah’s Plan” vaccination program for select bird species, despite the high cost – nearly €800 per dose, requiring two injections – and limited efficacy for saving all at-risk populations.