Australia is initiating a vaccination program for vulnerable bird populations to prevent extinction from the H5N1 avian influenza virus. The strategy focuses on protecting captive birds in zoos and breeding programs, as controlling the spread amongst wild birds is considered impossible. Experts have likened the effort to a “Noah’s Ark” program, aiming to preserve reserve populations of threatened species for potential future reintroduction. The arrival of the virus in Australia in June, following its spread to New Zealand, marks its presence on all continents, with the recent discovery of 50 dead crested terns signaling the first mass mortality event. Research indicates that one in five Australian bird and mammal species face a high extinction risk due to the virus, with five bird species already critically endangered. The program is considered an ‘insurance policy’ against devastating losses to Australia’s unique biodiversity.