A decision by the Lviv Regional Council to dedicate 2027 to the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) and its leader Roman Shukhevych has ignited strong condemnation in Poland. Polish historian Bartłomiej Gajos has labeled the move a deliberate provocation. The UPA, a Ukrainian nationalist paramilitary formation active during World War II, is a highly controversial group due to its involvement in ethnic cleansing, particularly against Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia. This decision in Lviv is seen by many in Poland as a glorification of a group responsible for wartime atrocities. The commemoration is expected to further strain already complex Polish-Ukrainian relations, rooted in historical grievances. The Polish government has yet to issue an official statement, but public outcry is mounting.