The US has granted Iran a temporary 60-day reprieve from sanctions, potentially unlocking billions in revenue, but fully dismantling over four decades of restrictions will be a lengthy and complex process. The current sanctions stem from concerns over Iran’s nuclear program, human rights record, and regional activities, imposed by the US, UN, and EU. A recent memorandum of understanding outlines a schedule for removing sanctions, beginning with a temporary license allowing Iranian oil and petrochemical sales through August 21st. Complete removal requires executive action, congressional approval, and international coordination, presenting significant political and legal challenges. Decades of restrictions have also created private sector hesitancy, potentially limiting the economic impact of sanctions relief. Experts emphasize the “tangled nest” of sanctions – encompassing both executive orders and congressional legislation – complicates the unwinding process. Congress remains skeptical, recalling the initial sanctions imposed in 1979.