The United States and Iran face five significant challenges that will determine whether recent de-escalation leads to a sustained peace. Washington prioritizes the restoration of normal maritime navigation in the region. This focus stems from the direct link between regional stability and the health of international energy markets. The specific nature of these five obstacles remains undisclosed in this report, but their resolution is critical. Successful navigation of these issues is seen as essential for transforming a ceasefire into a more permanent peaceful state. Further developments will likely hinge on addressing these key points of contention between the two nations. The future of US-Iran relations, and regional stability, depends on overcoming these hurdles.