The Director-General of MI5, Sir Ken McCallum, has stated that the United Kingdom is facing heightened state-backed threats, surpassing levels seen during the Cold War. He highlighted both Russia and Iran as significant sources of concern, without detailing specifics. McCallum also issued a warning regarding the rapid development of artificial intelligence, noting its potential use in creating sophisticated tools such as drones. More alarmingly, he cautioned that AI could even be exploited for the development of bioweapons. The MI5 is actively working to counter these evolving threats, dedicating increased resources to safeguarding national security. This includes bolstering defenses against both traditional espionage and emerging technologies. The agency’s focus is on mitigating risks posed by hostile state actors and preventing the malicious application of AI.