Former Slovak diplomat František Lipka alleges Serbia and Russia are engaged in a hybrid war against Montenegro. Lipka, with extensive experience in the Balkans including overseeing Montenegro’s 2006 independence referendum, draws parallels between Serbia’s concept of a “Serbian world” and Russia’s “Russian world.” He warns of potential civil unrest in Montenegro, similar to past conflicts in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Lipka’s expertise stems from decades of studying the region, including fluency in Serbo-Croatian and translating nearly thirty works of Yugoslav literature. He previously served as ambassador to Yugoslavia, France, and Belgium. The accusation highlights growing concerns about Russian and Serbian influence in the Western Balkans and potential destabilization efforts. The situation echoes historical tensions and the risk of renewed conflict in the region.