A new mpox outbreak has been identified in Guinea-Bissau, marking the first reported case in the country. This resurgence follows significant public health emergencies in 2022 and 2024, with the virus—formerly known as monkeypox—reported in 145 countries worldwide. Unlike previous outbreaks, which were typically limited in scope to a few African nations where the virus was endemic, mpox is now spreading more broadly. Since 2022, nearly 190,000 lab-confirmed cases have been recorded globally. Current cases show a concerning trend, with children appearing to be disproportionately affected. Public health officials are now focused on understanding what has changed and how to contain this latest outbreak, given its wider geographic reach and impact.