Ukrainian drone strikes targeting a Moscow oil refinery are challenging the perception of security within the Russian capital. A unit of Ukraine’s Security Service (SBU) claims responsibility for repeated attacks on the Kapotnya facility. These strikes represent a significant escalation, demonstrating Ukraine’s ability to reach deep into Russian territory. The attacks have reportedly eroded the sense of invulnerability previously felt by Moscow residents. Russian authorities have acknowledged the incidents but downplayed their severity, focusing on disruption rather than substantial damage. Experts suggest the strikes are both a tactical effort to disrupt Russia’s energy infrastructure and a psychological operation aimed at undermining public morale. The incidents raise questions about Russia’s air defenses and its capacity to protect key infrastructure.