In 1904, the release of just four moose into Newfoundland has had a lasting and dramatic effect on the island’s ecosystem. Initially introduced to attract hunters, the moose population rapidly expanded to almost 200,000, significantly altering the landscape and forest composition. This growth led to extensive habitat damage, eventually causing moose numbers to decline. Today, scientists are employing new strategies to manage the moose population, aiming to achieve a balance between the animals’ needs, forest health, and public safety. A new management plan leverages scientific data to ensure the long-term sustainability of Newfoundland’s forests and wildlife. The story highlights the unintended consequences of species introductions and the importance of adaptive management practices.