A Japanese Ground Self-Defense Force (GSDF) member’s post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been officially recognized as an on-duty illness by authorities. The soldier, who joined the GSDF in 2006, reported enduring sustained harassment from senior colleagues. This abuse included being compelled to wear women’s clothing and subjected to demands to expose himself. The recognition of his PTSD as a work-related injury marks a significant development in addressing harassment within the Japanese military. This decision acknowledges the severe psychological impact of the abuse experienced by the soldier during his service. The case highlights growing scrutiny of workplace culture and mental health support within the GSDF. It may set a precedent for future claims of harassment and related psychological trauma within the organization.