A proposed land use plan for Islamabad threatens the ecological integrity of the Margalla Hills, a vital natural area. The Capital Development Authority (CDA) is considering allowing construction in designated ‘protected’ areas, ostensibly to address housing shortages and generate revenue. Environmentalists and residents argue this approach falsely pits development against conservation, failing to consider sustainable alternatives. Concerns center on potential deforestation, habitat loss for diverse wildlife including the leopard, and increased risk of landslides and flooding. Critics highlight a lack of transparency in the planning process and insufficient environmental impact assessments. They advocate for stricter enforcement of existing regulations, exploring brownfield sites for development, and prioritizing ecological preservation to ensure the long-term health of the hills and the city. The debate underscores broader tensions between rapid urbanization and environmental sustainability in Pakistan.