The EU’s External Action Service (EEAS) has stated it lacks conclusive evidence that Russia or Israel instigated the May 2021 border crisis in Ceuta, a Spanish city in North Africa. While the EU doesn't believe either state *caused* the initial influx of migrants, they do suggest subsequent attempts to exploit the situation for political gain. The investigation focused on potential disinformation campaigns by foreign actors. The EEAS report indicates no definitive proof of foreign state-sponsored disinformation directly triggering the crisis itself. However, it acknowledges possible later efforts to capitalize on the event. This finding contrasts with initial Spanish government accusations. The report doesn't entirely rule out foreign involvement but emphasizes the lack of concrete evidence to support the claim of deliberate provocation.