Colombia is experiencing rapid population aging similar to South Korea, but unlike South Korea, it entered this phase without significant wealth. The country failed to capitalize on its “demographic dividend”—a period with a favorable ratio of working-age people to dependents—by investing in diversification and formal employment. Instead, Colombia largely relied on commodity exports and a large informal economy during this crucial period. Experts warn there are only two decades remaining to address these structural issues and avoid the negative consequences of an aging population with limited economic resources. The analysis, published by La Silla Vacía, highlights a missed opportunity for sustainable economic development in Colombia. This demographic trend presents considerable challenges for the nation’s future prosperity and social welfare. Corrective measures are urgently needed to mitigate the effects of this shift.