An international study has achieved a first-of-its-kind discovery: prehistoric human DNA identified and extracted from cave walls in Portugal. Three of the five identified human DNA samples originated from the Escoural Cave, located in Montemor-o-Novo. Researchers believe the genetic material was deposited on the cave surfaces simply through human touch over millennia. This marks the first time prehistoric human DNA has been successfully identified in this manner, offering a new avenue for studying ancient populations. The findings suggest DNA can persist in cave environments far longer than previously thought. This breakthrough could revolutionize archaeological research, allowing scientists to gather genetic information without relying solely on skeletal remains. Further analysis of the DNA may reveal details about the lives and movements of early humans in the region.