A Japanese space mission has successfully launched towards Mars moon Phobos with the ambitious goal of returning approximately 10 grams of surface material to Earth. The international mission, costing over 500 million euros, includes the Idefix rover and a lander designed to collect samples from Phobos. Arrival at Mars is expected next summer, with Idefix—a 25 kilogram rover—first landing on Phobos’ surface to scout a suitable location for the lander. The lander will then bore into the surface and collect samples in 2028 or 2029, with the return journey to Earth scheduled for 2031. Scientists aim to determine the origin of Mars’ moons, Phobos and Deimos—the only moons of inner planets in our solar system, besides Earth's—by analyzing the retrieved samples. The mission seeks to understand if the moons formed from debris after a collision with Mars or were captured asteroids.