South Africa’s municipalities are experiencing a profound revenue crisis, extending beyond typical financial challenges to a systemic breakdown. Years of focusing on a “return to basics” approach have failed to stem the decline in municipal income. This is part of a four-part investigative series examining the state of South African local governance and potential solutions. The ongoing issue affects all municipalities nationwide, indicating a widespread structural problem. The situation demands a move beyond simply revisiting fundamental principles and requires a comprehensive overhaul. The series aims to identify critical issues and explore pathways to recovery for these vital local institutions. Further analysis will be presented in subsequent articles.