Italy has declared a red alert for extreme heat in 15 cities as a heatwave grips much of Europe. The alert level, the highest of three, indicates a public health risk for the entire population, not just vulnerable groups. Cities affected include Rome, Florence, and Bologna. Temperatures are forecast to exceed 40°C (104°F) in several areas, with potential records broken. Authorities are advising residents to stay indoors during peak hours, drink plenty of water, and avoid strenuous activity. The heatwave is impacting other European countries as well, raising concerns about wildfires and health impacts across the continent.