Hawaiian corals are facing a growing threat as human-derived chemical pollutants accumulate within their tissues, hindering their ability to withstand rising ocean temperatures. These contaminants deplete essential nutrient and energy reserves, effectively weakening the corals from within. Scientists have discovered this internal chemical build-up significantly reduces coral resilience to environmental stressors. Notably, monitoring these internal “chemical fingerprints” presents a novel method for assessing the unseen damage caused by pollution. The research highlights that addressing chemical pollution is paramount, not only for preserving coral reefs but also for safeguarding overall marine and human well-being. The findings underscore the urgent need to mitigate pollution sources to enhance coral survival in a rapidly changing climate.