A new study examining child mortality in Greece between 2016 and 2020 reveals a decline in deaths among children under five. However, researchers found that the majority of these deaths were linked to complications arising during or shortly after birth, rather than illnesses or accidents occurring later in childhood. The study, spearheaded by Maria Tzoraki at Hygeia Hospital in Athens, highlights the importance of focusing on perinatal care to further reduce infant mortality rates. Published in Public Health, the research indicates a need for continued investment in resources and improvements in healthcare practices surrounding childbirth. While overall child mortality decreased during the study period, the findings emphasize that birth-related issues remain the primary driver of these tragic losses. The study provides valuable data for public health officials aiming to improve child health outcomes across Greece.