China has added Wroclaw University of Science and Technology in Poland to its dual-use export control list, a move considered unprecedented. This action places the university alongside European defense contractors, indicating a significant escalation in tensions with the EU. The Chinese commerce ministry cited EU sanctions imposed against Chinese and Hong Kong entities as justification for the blacklisting, which took effect immediately. The move restricts the export of certain goods to these listed entities, impacting potential collaborations. The inclusion of a university suggests China is broadening its definition of entities involved in security concerns. This action is widely interpreted as retaliation for EU sanctions and signals a hardening stance from Beijing. The implications for European-China relations and scientific cooperation remain to be seen.